World Head and Neck Cancer Day is observed every year on 27 July to increase public awareness about this serious disease, highlight its causes, and promote early detection and prevention strategies.
For many years, head and neck cancer was mainly considered a disease affecting older people with a history of tobacco use. However, experts say the situation has changed significantly, with a concerning rise in cases among younger individuals, including people who have never smoked.
The purpose of this awareness day is to educate people about why head and neck cancer is becoming more common among younger age groups and how preventive measures can help reduce the risk of developing this potentially life-threatening disease.
Medical experts identify traditional risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption as major causes of head and neck cancer. However, infection with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), a virus associated with several health conditions, has also been linked to an increased risk of certain types of head and neck cancers.
Head and neck cancer includes cancers of the mouth, throat, tonsils, and tongue. Experts say it is important to understand the difference between cancers caused by tobacco use and those associated with HPV because early diagnosis can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment.
The HPV vaccine can provide protection against several HPV-related cancers, including some forms of head and neck cancer. Health specialists recommend vaccination at an early age, particularly between 9 and 14 years, to provide long-term protection against HPV-related diseases.
Along with vaccination, avoiding tobacco, limiting alcohol consumption, maintaining good oral hygiene, and taking precautions to reduce HPV transmission can help lower the risk of developing head and neck cancer. Experts also advise people who regularly smoke or consume alcohol to undergo routine screening for early detection.
Common symptoms of head and neck cancer include red or white patches in the mouth or gums, mouth or tongue sores that do not heal within two weeks, painless lumps in the neck or shoulders, changes in voice, a sore throat lasting more than 14 days, difficulty chewing or swallowing food, and unexplained weight loss.
Health experts emphasize that these warning signs should not be ignored. Early medical consultation and timely diagnosis can greatly improve treatment outcomes and increase the chances of recovery for people affected by head and neck cancer.
